132° Mercoledì di Nexa - Intelligenza Naturale e Intelligenza Artificiale: Riflessioni tra Scienza ed Etica

Marcello Ienca

(ETH Zurich)

Mercoledì 9 settembre 2020, ore 17.00 – 19.00

Stanza virtuale: https://didattica.polito.it/VClass/NexaEvent

Quali sono le analogie e le differenze tra l’intelligenza naturale e l’intelligenza artificiale? A partire da questo quesito di fondo, che riflette le posizioni espresse dalla scienza e dall’etica, proponendo un’analisi comparativa tra le due tipologie di intelligenza, naturale (ad esempio la cognizione animale) e artificiale, l’incontro intende sollevare una serie di interrogativi sull’applicazione e sulle conseguenze etiche dell’utilizzo dell’AI. L’indagine verterà innanzitutto sulle principali applicazioni dell’intelligenza artificiale in ambito neurologico e psichiatrico, per soffermarsi quindi sulle attuali applicazioni delle interfacce cervello-macchina; si proporrà pertanto un’analisi approfondita della neuroetica, sui suoi studi e in particolare sugli interrogativi che la disciplina solleva in merito alle interfacce cervello-macchina. Rispetto ai dati neurali, si porranno interrogativi su quale framework etico-normativo, in particolare, si inscriva la loro acquisizione ed elaborazione, portando la riflessione sul concetto di “privacy mentale” e su quali obbligazioni morali questa comporti. Si concluderà quindi l’intervento con l’analisi del concetto di “neurodiritti”, domandandosi a quali esigenze etico-regolative tali diritti rispondano, e si rifletterà infine su quali siano i requisiti corretti per conseguire un’unione responsabile di intelligenza naturale e artificiale.

Biografia

Marcello IENCA is a senior researcher at the Health Ethics & Policy Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology at ETH Zurich, Switzerland. He is the PI of the projects “Neurotechnology, Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights”, “Digitalizing Elderly Care”, and “Personalized and Preventative Care”. His research focuses on the ethics and governance of biomedical data, ethically aligned artificial intelligence (AI) and responsible innovation for emerging technologies at the human-machine interface. Ienca has received several awards for social responsibility in science and technology such as the Vontobel Award for Ageing Research, the Prize Pato de Carvalho (Portugal), the Sonia Lupien Award (Canada) and the Paul Schotsmans Prize from the European Association of Centres of Medical Ethics (EACME). He has authored one monograph, one edited volume, +40 scientific articles in peer-review journals, several book chapters and is a frequent contributor to Scientific American. His research was published in academic journals such as Nature Medicine, Neuron, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Machine Intelligence, the American Journal of Bioethics and it was featured in interviews and articles appeared in media outlets such as Nature, The New Yorker, The Guardian, The Times, Die Welt, The Independent, the Financial Times and others. He is a former representative to the board of directors of the International Neuroethics Society, an expert member of the OECD Steering Group on Neurotechnology, a Swiss delegate to the same OECD group, and an expert advisor to the Council of Europe’s Ad Hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence.

Letture consigliate e link utili

Ienca, M. (2019). Intelligenza2: per un’unione di intelligenza naturale e artificiale. Rosenberg & Sellier, Torino.
Ienca, M., & Andorno, R. (2017). Towards new human rights in the age of neuroscience and neurotechnology. Life Sciences, Society and Policy, 13(1), 1-27.
Ienca, M., & Haselager, P. (2016). Hacking the brain: brain–computer interfacing technology and the ethics of neurosecurity. Ethics and Information Technology, 18(2), 117-129.
Ienca, M., Haselager, P., & Emanuel, E. J. (2018). Brain leaks and consumer neurotechnology. Nature biotechnology. 36(9), 805-810.
Ienca, M., & Ignatiadis, K. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Neuroscience: Methodological and Ethical Challenges. AJOB neuroscience, 11(2), 77-87.